Internet Connectivity | Lecture 11, 12 | M2

Dial-up connections through the telephone system were the primary method for accessing the internet in the early days of the World Wide Web. Dial-up connections use the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) to connect to an Internet Service Provider (ISP). The connection is established through the use of a modem, which translates the digital signals used by the computer into analog signals that can be transmitted over the telephone line.

Dial-up connections are slow and are limited to a maximum speed of 56 kbps due to limitations in the telephone network. Additionally, dial-up connections can tie up the telephone line, making it unavailable for voice calls while the internet connection is in use.

Dedicated Connections through the Telephone System:

Dedicated connections through the telephone system are also known as leased lines. These connections provide a dedicated, always-on connection between two points, such as a business and an ISP. Dedicated connections use a separate physical circuit from the PSTN and are typically used for high-speed data transfer, such as video conferencing or large file transfers.

ISDN:

ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) is a set of communication standards for digital transmission of voice, video, and data over the PSTN. ISDN uses a digital signal instead of an analog signal, allowing for faster data transfer rates of up to 128 kbps. ISDN also allows for the use of multiple channels, providing additional bandwidth for data transfer.

Protocol Options:

There are several protocol options for connecting to the internet, including Shell, SLIP, and PPP.

Shell (Bourne-Again SHell) is a command-line interface that provides access to a Unix-based system. Shell is used primarily by developers and system administrators and is not typically used for connecting to the internet.

SLIP (Serial Line Internet Protocol) is an older protocol that is no longer widely used. SLIP provides a simple way to connect to the internet and is still used in some embedded systems.

PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) is the most commonly used protocol for connecting to the internet. PPP provides a reliable, secure, and efficient way to transfer data over a network connection.

Service Options:

There are several service options available when connecting to the internet, including email, World Wide Web (WWW), and firewalls.

Email is a method for sending and receiving electronic messages over the internet. Email is a popular communication tool and is widely used for both personal and business communication.

The World Wide Web (WWW) is a system of interconnected documents and resources that are accessed using a web browser. The WWW provides access to a vast array of information and resources, including websites, online stores, and social media platforms.

Firewalls are a security measure that protects a network from unauthorized access. Firewalls can be hardware or software-based and are used to monitor and control network traffic. Firewalls are an essential component of network security and are used in both personal and business settings.

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